Each answer is the one before plus 19.
19 times table
19 times table practice, from 6 × 19 = 114 to 10 × 19 = 190: times 20 and one lot off, quicker than it looks, in order, mixed up and filling in.
Your child can only do the exercises here once they know the 9 and 10 times tables. The 19s are the 9s a ten higher, times 20 and one lot off, and a child who already does 6 × 9 as 60 − 6 sees 6 × 19 as 120 − 6 at once.
The first of 3 exercises in this topic. See them all
What it looks like for your child
With one exercise from this topic as the example: Mixed up.
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How it fits together
The arrows point to what can be done next. Whatever sits inside a box belongs to it.
Needed first
Can come next
first this, then that belongs to
Times 19 is times 20 minus one: 7 × 19 = 140 − 7.
What times 19 gives the answer? Say the table until you hear it.
Why it matters
Nineteen lots of something sounds heavy, but looked at the right way it is one of the easier big tables. It is the same idea as the 9s (times 10, one lot less), just a ten higher. A child who sees that likeness notices that the big tables repeat the small ones.
How to approach it
For 8 × 19, your child works out 8 × 20 = 160 and takes 8 away: 152. Two steps, and the second is small. Partitioning works too (80 + 72), but here it is usually longer.
If your child is unsure, an estimate gives them something to hold on to: the answer must be just under 8 × 20. If it comes out above 160, something went wrong along the way.
When is it secure?
All 10 right in one round, and no more than 35 seconds altogether. Around 3.5 seconds a sum shows your child is no longer counting.